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Essential Standards – Chemistry - 1st quarter

8P1:  Understand the properties of matter and changes that occur when matter interacts in an open and closed container.
Essential Understandings:
  • Matter can undergo changes when interactions occur.
  • The results of the interactions (reaction) are different in closed containers versus open containers.

Essential Questions:
  • What happens when matter interacts?
  • Why can the results of a reaction be different in an open container versus a closed container?



8P1.1:  classify matter as elements, compounds, or mixtures based on how the atoms are packed together in arrangements.   
Essential Understandings:
  • The atom is the basic building block of matter, that a single atom has mass and takes up space, and that all matter is composed of atoms.
  • Each of the elements has distinct atomic structure
  • An atom is the smallest unit of an element and that a compound is composed of two or more elements chemically combined.
  • In solids that atoms are closely locked in position and can only vibrate; in liquids the atoms and molecules can collide with and move past one another; and in gases the atoms and molecules move independently, colliding frequently
  • There is a relationship between phase and density and that density is mass per unit volume.
Essential Questions:
  • How does the arrangement of atoms determine the classification of matter?
  • What are the differences between elements, compounds, and mixtures?

8P1.2:  Explain how the physical properties of elements and their reactivity have been used to produce the current model of the Periodic table of elements.  
Essential Understanding:
  • The current model of the Periodic Table of elements is based on the physical properties of the elements and their reactivity.

Essential Questions:
  • What is the relationship between the arrangement of the elements on the Periodic Table and their reactivity?
  • How do the physical characteristics of elements factor into their arrangement on the Periodic Table?


8P1.3:  Compare physical changes such as size, shape and state to chemical changes that are the result of a chemical reaction to include changes in temperature, color, formation of a gas or precipitate.  
Essential Understandings:
  • Changes in the properties of matter can be physical or chemical.
  • Changes in size, shape, and state of matter are considered physical changes.
  • Changes in temperature, color, formation of a gas, or formation of a precipitate are considered chemical changes.

Essential Questions:
  • What evidence would you look for to identify a physical or chemical change?

8P1.4:  Explain how the idea of atoms and a balanced chemical equation support the law of conservation of mass.  
Essential Understandings
  • Matter cannot be created or destroyed during a reaction.
  • The number of atoms does not change during a reaction

  • Reactions must be studied in a closed system.
Essential Questions:
  • How does the lay of conservation of mass relate to atoms?

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